Medicines (OTC)
Over-the-Counter (OTC) cough and cold medicines can cause side effects at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies? These side effects can be serious in young children. The risks of using these medicines outweigh any benefits. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends these medicines never be used in young children. After age 6, the medicines are safe to use, if you follow the package instructions. But, it’s easy to treat coughs and colds without these medicines.
Home Remedies:
A good home remedy is safe, cheap, and as helpful as OTC medicines. They are also found in nearly every home. Here are some simple but helpful home treatments at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Runny Nose: Either blow it or suction it. At the age of two or three, teach your child how to blow their nose. Your child’s nose is eliminating viruses when it runs like a faucet. Benadryl and other allergy medications don’t work for the typical cold. They are only helpful if your child has hay fever, or nasal allergies.
- Blocked Nose: Use nasal saline.
- Use saline (salt water) nose drops or spray to loosen up the dried mucus. If you don’t have saline, you can use a few drops of water. Use distilled water, bottled water or boiled tap water at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Step 1: Put 3 drops in each nostril. If age under 1 year old, use 1 drop.
- Step 2: Blow (or suction) each nostril separately, while closing off the other nostril. Then do other side at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?.
- Step 3: Repeat nose drops and blowing (or suctioning) until the discharge is clear.
- How Often: Do nasal saline rinses when your child can’t breathe through the nose. Limit: If under 1 year old, no more than 4 times per day or before every feeding at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Saline nose drops or spray can be bought in any drugstore. No prescription is needed.
- Reason for nose drops: Suction or blowing alone can’t remove dried or sticky mucus. Also, babies can’t nurse or drink from a bottle unless the nose is open.
- Other option: use a warm shower to loosen mucus. Breathe in the moist air, then blow (or suction) each nostril at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- For young children, can also use a wet cotton swab to remove sticky mucus.
- There are no drugs that can remove dried mucus from the nose.
- Coughing: Use homemade cough medicines.
- Age 6 months to 1 year. Give warm clear fluids (such as apple juice or lemonade). Dose: 1-2 teaspoons (5-10 mL) four times per day when coughing. Under 3 months, see your child’s doctor. Caution: Do not use honey until 1 year old at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Age 1 year and older. Use Honey ½ to 1 teaspoon (2 to 5 mL) as needed. It thins the secretions and loosens the cough. If you don’t have honey, you can use corn syrup. Research shows that honey works better than cough syrups to reduce nighttime coughing. Can also offer warm lemonade or herbal teas. Amount: a few ounces (30 mL) each time.
- Age 6 years and older. Use Cough Drops to decrease the tickle in the throat. If you don’t have any, you can use hard candy. Avoid cough drops before 6 years. Reason: risk of choking at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Coughing fits. The warm mist from a shower can help.
- Fluids: Help your child drink lots of fluids. Staying well hydrated thins the body’s secretions. That makes it easier to cough and blow the nose.
- Humidity: If the air in your home is dry, use a humidifier. Moist air keeps the nose and airway from drying out. Run a warm shower for a while to help put moisture in the air at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
Treatment is Not Always Needed:
- If symptoms aren’t bothering your child, they don’t need medicine or any treatment. Many children with a cough or cold are happy, play fine and sleep well at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Only treat symptoms if they cause discomfort or wake your child up. Treat a cough if it’s hacking and really bothers your child at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
- Fevers are helpful. Only treat them if they slow your child down or cause some discomfort. That does not occur until 102° F (39° C) or higher. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil) can be given. Use to treat higher fever or pain. See Dose tables at Coughs: Meds or Home Remedies?
Summary
If coughs or colds need treatment, home remedies may work better than medicines.